高考物理真题及答案（10篇）
高考物理注意事项
1、警惕容易题目失分。同学们在训练时解容易题一定要将过程和结果写出来。
2、考生要寻找关键点来列方程。物理的大题部分基本是靠公式来得分的，列对了方程和公式就会有分得。
3、注重实际操作。在考前最后几天里，建议抽时间到实验室去动动手，将往年实验题部分的实验操作进行一遍。
4、用补图法帮助审题。把物理科目的题意理解错了是一个较普遍的现象，建议同学们用补图的方法帮助审题，在头脑中建立活的物理情景。
例如，根据题意，画出物体运动过程中几个关键状态的情景图，来帮助自己理解题目叙述的全过程，准确把握问题的已知条件、边界条件、临界条件。
高考物理选择题蒙题口诀
三长一短选最短，三段一长选最长，两长两短B就对，参差不齐C无敌。
一般发现里面说‘以上都不对’‘无法选择’之类的选项，直接就排除。
如果是给你很多个项，然后在选项里面注明A (1)(3)B(2)(4)C(3)(5)D(1)(2)之类的，就用排除法，先看那个是错的，然后把有错误的选项排除，或者是确定了正确的，再进一步分析。也可以看，找这些选项内容的共同点，然后加以分析选出共同点最多的一个选项，一般都正确的。
首先我很负责的告诉你哦，蒙题是最后无奈之举，不同于英语，物理单个选项4分一个，丢不起啊。如果遇到一个有思路的题而不知道怎么推到最后，就尽全力推到自己能想到的地方，再联系4个选项，选择接近项。如果遇见自己完全看不懂的题目就代值吧，用特殊值法。还有就是分析答案法，答案里总有干扰项，排除明显错误的答案，提高蒙对率， 我也是中国教育制度下的学生，希望能帮助到你吧。
研究答案很重要!!!
树立踩点得分的观念.每道题几分就有几分的要求.
数学物理的要求是和答案写的一模一样 不多不少.美观省时间.
生物化学和答案写的一模一样，这种答案很抠字眼的.实验步骤怎么写化学方程式一个反应条件都不能落下.
篇2：2022海南高考物理真题及答案_高考物理真题
2022海南高考物理真题及答案
高考物理注意事项
1、警惕容易题目失分。同学们在训练时解容易题一定要将过程和结果写出来。
2、考生要寻找关键点来列方程。物理的大题部分基本是靠公式来得分的，列对了方程和公式就会有分得。
3、注重实际操作。在考前最后几天里，建议抽时间到实验室去动动手，将往年实验题部分的实验操作进行一遍。
4、用补图法帮助审题。把物理科目的题意理解错了是一个较普遍的现象，建议同学们用补图的方法帮助审题，在头脑中建立活的物理情景。
例如，根据题意，画出物体运动过程中几个关键状态的情景图，来帮助自己理解题目叙述的全过程，准确把握问题的已知条件、边界条件、临界条件。
高考物理复习技巧
1.摸透主干知识
近几年高考理综试卷及物理单独命题试卷，都注意突出考查主干知识，包括匀变速运动规律、牛顿定律、机械能守恒、机械波、带电粒子在电场中的加速与偏转、带电粒子在磁场中的运动、电磁感应等，命题兼顾对非重点知识(热、光、原)的考查，在试卷中这三部分均有相应的试题，这些非重点知识的考查多以选择题出现，侧重于对知识的理解，也体现出了一定的综合度。
2.能力驾驭高考
物理学科的能力可概括为理解能力、推理能力、分析综合能力、应用数学处理物理问题能力、实验和探究能力，其中理解能力既是基础也是核心。近几年高考试题还出现了许多对自主学习和创新能力考查的新情景试题，这类题目考查考生快速接受和应用新知识的自主学习能力，解题的关键是准确地提取有效信息，然后用已学过的知识加上新的信息来解决问题。
3.科技领跑生活
高考试题情境设计注重物理与实际生活的联系，试题的命制都是从生活实际现象或实际问题入手，源于考生熟悉或熟知的生活现象。在近几年的高考物理中，应用型、创新型试题尤为明显，而物理中每一重要的知识块，几乎也都与现代科技紧密相关，同学们要善于挖掘生活中的物理应用事例，关注生活、关注社会热点、关注新兴科技。
填报高考志愿的技巧
1、选择哪个学校
在这提醒朋友们，填报的几个志愿中一定要注意梯度，尤其是分数正好卡线的朋友。不要一味的追求名校，把所有志愿选择同一层次的学校，更忌全部志愿扎堆名校。
2、选择什么专业
其实专业并无冷热之分，就算当时火热，谁也说不上等你毕业的时候会是什么样。而且，大学毕业后，很大一部分人从事的工作与自己的专业不对口。选择专业最主要的是结合自己的兴趣和基础，或者毕业后想从事的工作有特殊要求的专业，比如想当医生，就得选择相对应的专业。
篇3：上海高考物理真题
上海高考物理真题
一．(20分)填空题．本大题共5小题，每小题4分．答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程．
本大题中4：2023年辽宁高考物理真题
2023年高考填报志愿注意事项
一考虑 要考虑自己的志趣、特长和国家的需要
选择自己感兴趣的专业，在未来的学习、工作中无疑可以扬长避短，充分发挥自己的聪明才智。而选择国家建设急需的专业，能使青年人将来较可能做出重大贡献。志趣和需要是相辅相成的，把志趣和需要有机地结合起来，才能使个人的价值得到更充分的体现。
二考虑 考虑所填志愿实现的可能性
以招生院校在当地近三年的录取分数统计为参考，分析各专业的档次和“冷”与“热”情况，结合自己的实力，正确填报专业志愿。不能单纯看其绝对分，要更多地看其相对位置及其变化。 原则上5：物理真题详细答案及解析
普通高等学校统一考试试题（江苏卷）
解析版（尹亚洲）
参考公式：
圆柱的侧面积公式：S圆柱侧?d,其中c是圆柱地面的周长，l为母线长.. 圆柱的体积公式：V圆柱?Sh，其中S是锥体的底面积，h为高．
一、填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共计70分。请把答案填写在答题卡相印位
置上。
1. 已知集合A={?2,?1,3,4}，B?{?1,2,3}，则A?B?. 【答案】{?1,3} 【解析】由题意得A【考点】集合的运算
2. 已知复数z?(5?2i)2(i为虚数单位),则z的实部为【答案】2
n
n
B?{?1,3}．
（6：2022数学高考真题及答案
高考复习方法
高三的学习任务比较重，所以方法很重要。对于理科学习，笔记是关键。笔记不仅包括课堂笔记，还包括错题本。课堂笔记上要记下重点知识点和易错点，而错题本就是将自己做错的题摘录下来，并写上相关的知识点、自己为什么错以及正确的思路。每周或者每个月都拿出来复习一下，把那些已经会的题删掉，让错题本越来越薄，这样就可以及时地弥补学习上的漏洞。
而在学习化学时，总结尤其重要。有很多同学会抱怨化学知识点很杂很散，但只要总结一下就会发现其实知识点之间是有联系的，最根本的东西就是元素周期表所涉及的知识或者说各元素的基本化学性质，把这些性质都搞清了，方程式自然就不在话下。其次，大家不难发现，高三时候所作的各区模拟卷上题型其实都是相近的，考点无非就是氧化还原反应、基本计算方法、元素的物理化学性质以及化学实验等。题海战术的精髓并不是把全部的题都做遍，而是在做题的同时总结出题者的思路，从“老师为什么要出这道题?他是要考什么? ”出发寻找解题之道。最后，计算题一直是化学考试里的难点。对于计算题，我还是希望同学们能多做一些练习，接触各类题型，把老师教授的各种解题方法融会贯通。针对那些平时没做出来的题要反复练习，并多多运用相应的方法。
面对高考，有压力是必然的，所以我们要学会减压。在我的高三，我从没给自己定下我一定要上的目标，只是很简单的想我只要尽我的努力就好，不给自己留下遗憾就好。高考之前也有很多的考试，我们要做的就是在每次考试中查漏补缺，而不要过分关注考试成绩，为某一次高分欢欣或为某一次低分难过，因为那都不是高考，成绩的高低都不能决定什么。
我也听过很多非常优秀的学生因为紧张焦虑而导致高考落榜，留下很多遗憾的事情，其实高考并不可怕，当我坐在高考考场上的时候，只觉得那就像平时做题一样，不会的题肯定是有的，也没听过有谁在高考时得满分的呀，所以先易后难，依次推进，沉住气做完整份试卷，检查到最后一刻。
数学学习方法
一、课后及时回忆
如果等到把课堂内容遗忘得差不多时才复习，就几乎等于重新学习，所以课堂学习的新知识必须及时复习。
可以一个人单独回忆，也可以几个人在一起互相启发，补充回忆。一般按照教师板书的提纲和要领进行，也可以按教材纲目结构进行，从课题到重点内容，再到例题的每部分的细节，循序渐进地进行复习。在复习过程中要不失时机整理笔记，因为整理笔记也是一种有效的复习方法。
二、定期重复巩固
即使是复习过的内容仍须定期巩固，但是复习的次数应随时间的增长而逐步减小，间隔也可以逐渐拉长。可以当天巩固新知识，每周进行周小结，每月进行阶段性总结，期中、期末进行全面系统的学期复习。从内容上看，每课知识即时回顾，每单元进行知识梳理，每章节进行知识归纳总结，必须把相关知识串联在一起，形成知识网络，达到对知识和方法的整体把握。
三、科学合理安排
复习一般可以分为集中复习和分散复习。实验证明，分散复习的效果优于集中复习，特殊情况除外。分散复习，可以把需要识记的材料适当分类，并且与其他的学习或娱乐或休息交替进行，不至于单调使用某种思维方式，形成疲劳。分散复习也应结合各自认知水平，以及识记素材的特点，把握重复次数与间隔时间，并非间隔时间越长越好，而要适合自己的复习规律。
篇7：浙江高考英语真题及答案
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江)
英 语 试 题
选择题部分(共80分)
8：高中高考生物真题及答案
一、选择题：
1.细胞凋亡是细胞死亡的一种类型。下列关于人体中细胞凋亡的叙述，正确的是( )
A.胎儿手的发育过程中不会发生细胞凋亡
B.小肠上皮细胞的自然更新过程中存在细胞凋亡现象
C.清除被病原体感染细胞的过程中不存在细胞凋亡现象
D.细胞凋亡是基因决定的细胞死亡过程，属于细胞坏死
答案：B
2.用体外实验的方法可合成多肽链。已知苯丙氨酸的密码子是UUU，若要在体外合成同位素标记的多肽链，所需的材料组合是( )
①同位素标记的tRNA
②蛋白质合成所需的酶
③同位素标记的苯丙氨酸
④人工合成的多聚尿嘧啶核苷酸
⑤除去了DNA和mRNA的细胞裂解液
A.①②④ B.②③④ C.③④⑤ D.①③⑤
答案：C
3.将一株质量为20 g的黄瓜幼苗栽种在光照等适宜的环境中，一段时间后植株达到40 g，其增加的质量来自于( )
A.水、矿质元素和空气 B.光、矿质元素和水
C.水、矿质元素和土壤 D.光、矿质元素和空气
答案：A
4.动物受到惊吓刺激时，兴奋经过反射弧中的传出神经作用于肾上腺髓质，使其分泌肾上腺素;兴奋还通过传出神经作用于心脏。下列相关叙述错误的是( )
A.兴奋是以电信号的形式在神经纤维上传导的
B.惊吓刺激可以作用于视觉、听觉或触觉感受器
C.神经系统可直接调节、也可通过内分泌活动间接调节心脏活动
D.肾上腺素分泌增加会使动物警觉性提高、呼吸频率减慢、心率减慢
答案：D
5.某种二倍体高等植物的性别决定类型为XY型。该植物有宽叶和窄叶两种叶形，宽叶对窄叶为显性。控制这对相对性状的基因(B/b)位于X染色体上，含有基因b的花粉不育。下列叙述错误的是( )
A.窄叶性状只能出现在雄株中，不可能出现在雌株中
B.宽叶雌株与宽叶雄株杂交，子代中可能出现窄叶雄株
C.宽叶雌株与窄叶雄株杂交，子代中既有雌株又有雄株
D.若亲本杂交后子代雄株均为宽叶，则亲本雌株是纯合子
答案：C
6.某实验小组用细菌甲(异养生物)作为材料来探究不同条件下种群增长的特点，设计了三个实验组，每组接种相同数量的细菌甲后进行培养，培养过程中定时更新培养基，三组的更新时间间隔分别为3 h、10 h、23 h，得到a、b、c三条种群增长曲线，如图所示。下列叙述错误的是( )
A.细菌甲能够将培养基中的有机物分解成无机物
B.培养基更换频率的不同，可用来表示环境资源量的不同
C.在培养到23 h之前，a组培养基中的营养和空间条件都是充裕的
D.培养基更新时间间隔为23 h时，种群增长不会出现J型增长阶段
答案：D
二、非选择题：
29.(12分)
将生长在水分正常土壤中的某植物通过减少浇水进行干旱处理，该植物根细胞中溶质浓度增大，叶片中的脱落酸(ABA)含量增高，叶片气孔开度减小，回答下列问题。
(1)经干旱处理后，该植物根细胞的吸水能力_______________________。
(2)与干旱处理前相比，干旱处理后该植物的光合速率会______________，出现这种变化的主要原因是________________。
(3)有研究表明：干旱条件下气孔开度减小不是由缺水直接引起的，而是由ABA引起的。请以该种植物的ABA缺失突变体(不能合成ABA)植株为材料，设计实验来验证这一结论。要求简要写出实验思路和预期结果。
答案：
(1)增强
(2)降低 气孔开度减小使供应给光合作用所需的二氧化碳减少。
(3)取ABA缺失突变体植株在正常条件下测定气孔开度，经干旱处理后，再测定气孔开度，预期结果是干旱处理前后气孔开度不变。
将上述干旱处理的ABA缺失突变体植株分成两组，在干旱条件下，一组进行ABA处理，另一组作为对照组，一段时间后分别测定两组的气孔开度，预期结果是ABA处理组气孔开度减小，对照组气孔开度不变。
30.(8分)
人的排尿是一种反射活动。回答下列问题。
(1)膀胱中的感受器受到刺激后会产生兴奋。兴奋从一个神经元到另一个神经元的传递是单向的，其原因是_________。
(2)排尿过程的调节属于神经调节，神经调节的基本方式是反射，排尿反射的初级中枢位于_________，成年人可以有意识地控制排尿，说明排尿反射也受高级中枢控制，该高级中枢位于__________。
(3)排尿过程中，尿液还会刺激尿道上的_________，从而加强排尿中枢的活动，促进排尿。
答案：
(1)神经递质由突触前膜释放，作用于突触后膜
(2)脊髓 大脑皮层
(3)感受器
31.(8分)
某果园中存在A、B两种果树害虫，果园中的鸟(C)可以捕食这两种害虫;使用人工合成的性引诱剂Y诱杀B可减轻B的危害。回答下列问题。
(1)果园中包含害虫A的一条食物链是____________。该食物链的9：湖北高考英语真题及答案
短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Before I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked, though.
There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.
I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy’s teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking, the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.
I closed the door. He was full of energy, throwing things around and making a huge mess. But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it. So I sat back down and kept quiet. Then he slowed down and began making a rocket. I talked to him about it. We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:
“So what happened today?”
It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn’t let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game. I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset. This again was stated simply as a fact. I suggested that next time he had a session, he talk about what he hoped to do at the start, which might be easier for everyone. He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.
51. The boy made trouble for his teacher because he ______.
A. was accused of destroying property
B. was told not to yell at other children
C. was made to do things against his will
D. was blamed for creating an air of tension
52. Why didn’t the author do anything about the boy’s bad behavior at first?
A. She didn’t want to make it worse.
B. She didn’t mind the huge mess at all.
C. She was tired of shouting and threats.
D. She hadn’t thought of a coping strategy.
53. The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by ______.
A. playing games with him
B. giving him a good suggestion
C. describing his teacher’s feelings
D. avoiding making critical remarks
54. Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end?
A. He was sorry about his reputation.
B. He was regretful about his behavior.
C. He was fearful of the author’s warning.
D. He was sad for the author’s misunderstanding.
B
London’s newest skyscraper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.
The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶). He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren’t regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.
The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.
Before building work began, a lot of people didn’t want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.
Other critics don’t like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.
The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.
55. London’s newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ______.
A. its cost
B. its size
C. its shape
D. its height
56. When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to ______.
A. change London’s skyline
B. inherit London’s tradition
C. imitate the Egyptian style
D. attract potential visitors
57. The critics who refer to social division think the Shard ______.
A. is only preferred by the rich
B. is intended for wealthy people
C. is far away from the poor area
D. is popular only with Londoners
58. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Shard: Cheers and Claps
B. The Shard: Work of a Great Architect
C. The Shard: New Symbol of London?
D. The Shard: A Change for the Better?
C
Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的) tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
59. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research.
B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research.
C. The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research.
D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research.
60. According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?
A. Those that have more experience.
B. Those that can avoid potential risks.
C. Those that like to work independently.
D. Those that feel anxious about learning.
61. Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.
D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate.
62. Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through ______.
A. storing information
B. learning from each other
C. understanding different people
D. travelling between social groups
D
You’ve flown halfway around the world; you’ve sniffed out this place that nobody in Falongland or Thailand seems to have ever heard of; so what on earth is there to do here? You consider this question as you sink into an old wooden beach chair that holds you above the sand.
It was a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee. By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out, it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland.
Huaplee is located just south of Hua Hin, about two hundred kilometres from Bangkok, down the west side of the Gulf of Thailand. Not many tourists find this place, and the ones that do wonder if finding it has been their purpose all along.
There’s an apparent laziness that surrounds you here. It’s what this place offers, and it’s free of charge. The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down. You settle into your beach chair in preparation for a long rest. You sit there and watch the sea.
It’s early afternoon, so the cook comes out and asks what you’d like to eat this evening. Before long he’s rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered―every meal fresh and to order. No menu here.
There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm, clear blue sea. There’s no street noise. The only sounds are the murmurs of nature.
For now you just count your blessings (福祉), listing them in the sand with your toe (脚趾). You don’t have to worry about being late for work. You don’t have to do anything.
The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon (地平线), slowly narrowing to nothingness only to re-emerge again on your left, now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you. Sand to your left and sand to your right; it’s unbroken, endless. No start, no end, just sand, sun, and peace. Step off it, and you re-enter the world of traffic, stress, work, and hurry.
Normally you’re the type who can’t sit still for more than ten minutes, but you’re on Huaplee Lazy Beach now and, in the right frame of mind, it stretches all the way around the world.
“How could it take me so long to find it?” you wonder.
63. When the author first went to Huaplee Beach, ______.
A. he found it unworthwhile
B. he failed to sort himself out
C. he became sensitive to smell
D. he had difficulty in finding it
64. What is special about the food service at Huaplee Beach?
A. No menu.
B. Free food.
C. Self service.
D. Quick delivery.
65. In the author’s opinion, a tourist can enjoy Huaplee Beach most when he ______.
A. sits in a beach chair
B. forgets his daily routine
C. plans a detailed schedule
D. draws pictures in the sand
66. What does the author imply by his question at the end of the passage?
A. He shouldn’t have counted his blessings.
B. He should have understood the wonder of nature.
C. He shouldn’t have spent so much time on the trip.
D. He should have come to the place earlier.
E
For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets, and even bicycles. Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue, the elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk, the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally (水平地), and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的) columns.
If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience―one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we’re hanging from a cable in a long passage.
In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it,” Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.
Today, as the world’s urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America’s total number of elevators―900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine’s “ Vertical Transportation Industry”―are a force that’s becoming more important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.
67. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The general view of elevators.
B. The particular interests of experts.
C. The desire for a remarkable machine.
D. The enthusiasm for transport vehicles.
68. The author’s purpose in mentioning cars is ______.
A. to contrast their functions with elevators’
B. to emphasize the importance of elevators
C. to reveal their secret war against elevators
D. to explain people’s preference for elevators
69. According to Prof. Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences?
A. Vertical direction.
B. Lack of excitement.
C. Little physical space.
D. Uncomfortable conditions.
70. The author urges readers to consider ______.
A. the exact number of elevator lovers
B. the serious future situation of elevators
C. the role of elevators in city development
D. the relationship between cars and elevators
0：北京高考英语真题及答案
2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语(北京卷)
本试卷共16页， 共150分。考试时间为120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节：30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后， 你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
例： What is the man going to rend?
A. A newspaper
B. A magazine
C. A book
答案是 A
1. What juice does the man order?
A. Lemon B. Apple C. Orange
2. What subject does the man like best?
A. History. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.
3. Where is the woman from?
A. Britain. B. Russia. C. America.
4. What kind of student bus pass does the woman want?
A. Weekly. B. Monthly. C. Yearly.
5. What are the two speakers going to nuy for Mary’s birthday?
A. A bicycle. B. A pen. C. A book.
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独
白你将听两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。
6. What’s wrong with the woman ?
A. She has a cough. B. She has a headache. C. She has a fever.
7. How long is the medicine for?
A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. What does the woman need?
A. Some ink. B. A printer. C. Some paper.
9. What problem does the man have?
A. He can’t send a text message..
B. He can’t hear the woman clearly.
C. He can’t be back to the office soon.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the woman plan to do at first?
A. To stay at home. B. InTo eat out. C. To see a film.
11. When will the two speakers meet?
A. At 11:oo am.. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 4:00 pm.
12. What is the man trying to do?
A. To introduce a new pizza to the woman.
B. To remind the woman to relax herself.
C. To invite the woman to see a movie.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。
13. When did the family visit the Design Museum?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
14. How did the family go to Hyde Park?
A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By tarin.
15. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Amazing attraction in London.
B. A four-day trip to London.
C. A dream about London.
第三节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
听下面一段对话，完成第 16 至 20 五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听对话前，你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试 题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。第二部分：知识运用(共两节，45 分)
第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，共 15 分)
从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.
A. What’s more B. That’s to say
C. In other words D. Believe it or not
答案是 D。
21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.
A. so B. or
C. for D. but
22. ---Hi, let’s go skating.
--- Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.
A. fill B. have filled
C. am filling D. will fill
23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.
A. by B. in
C. for D. until
24. __ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..
A. Observe B. To observe
C. Observed D. Observing
25. Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A.watch B. to watch
C. watched D. watching
26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..
A.who B. which
C. when D. Where
27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.
A. Can B. Must
C. Shall D. Should
28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A. solving B. solved
C. being solved D.to be solved
29. _______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.
A. As B. When
C. Even though D. In case
30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
A. where B. when
C. how D. why
31. --- What time is it?
--- I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.
A. check B. checked
C. will check D. would check
32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.
A. started B. was starting
C. would start D. had started
33. Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
A. whatever B. whenever.
C. whereever D. however
34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.
A. are B. were
C. will be D. would be
35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..
A. recognizing B. being recognized
C. having recognized D. having been recognized
第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。
The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan
The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with american kids. I looked down at this 38 girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.
But how could I help her 39 in with us? There had to be a 40 .
One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had 41 her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) 42 copy.
I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming 43 show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “why, it’s wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted 45 the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don’t have enough 46 . Could you help me, Suzy?”
On the day of the talent show, Suzy’s 47 were everywhere ---- all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.
“And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n) award. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students 49 them.”
I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw 50 well?”
Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ 51 this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a 52 ,too. Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student ---- Suzy Khan!”
Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried.
I 53 , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she’d probably never 54 anything in her whole life.
Everyone started to 55 their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was defening. I knew then Suzy was going to ne all right.
36. A. joked B. cared C. trains D. worried
37. A. reported B. decided C. complained D. questioned
38. A. rich B. proud C. tiny D. popular
39. A. come B fall C. fit D. tie
40. A. manner B. pattern C. choice D. way
41. A. read B. taken C. opened D. put
42. A. free B. perfect C. final D. extra
43. A.are B.talk C.quiz D. talent
44. A. colored B. written C. carved D. drawn
45. A. at B. after C. for D. around
46. A. room B. time C. paper D. interest
47. A. gifts B. books C. photos D. posters
48. A. special B. academic C. national D. rayal
49. A. painted B. found C. printed D. collected
50. A. very B. that C. quite D. too
51. A. If B. Though C. Unless D. Since
52. A. prize B. rank C. rest D. place
53. A. replied B. realized C.remembered D. regretted
54. A. offered B. valued C. owned D. controlled
55. A. clap B. wave C. raise D. shake
